When someone is first diagnosed with cancer, rehabilitation is not on their mind. To many people, seeking help and advice from a physiotherapist comes only after an injury. Physiotherapy is usually associated with musculoskeletal, neurology and respiratory dysfunction.
However, cancer patients and survivors may experience deficits and dysfunction in these categories too.
Cancer patients may experience Chemo-induced fatigue, pain and scarring, muscle weakness with coordination, balance problems, changes in appearances and movement dysfunction among other physical impairments. Psychologically, those with Cancer may struggle with post-traumatic stress, anxiety and depression, a fear of relapse, fear of further harm and a general decline in self-esteem.
Today, with modern cutting edge medical technology and treatments, more cancer patients are surviving longer. In addition to an ageing population and increasing survivor rates, cancer survivors are more likely to develop chronic secondary conditions. This would require professional rehabilitation.
The main aim of oncology rehab is to assist and manage the general wellbeing of a cancer survivor. A program would include strengthening exercises, resistant exercises, balance and coordination training, and tailored exercises. A cancer rehab program not only targets and improves physical impairments, but it also focuses on the biopsychosocial effects of individuals with cancer. An oncology rehab program is multidimensional and multidisciplinary. It helps with
Improving muscle strength
Improving balance and coordination
Decrease and manages fatigue
Improve general mobility and physical function
Helps improve mood
Improve the quality of life
Indirectly boosting survivorship
Oncology rehab not only helps to restore physical function, but it can also help you get ready mentally before any surgical procedures. It can be supportive rehabilitation - to manage chronic reoccurrences.
Lastly, it can be palliative rehabilitation or part of end-of-life care - this aims to maximize the quality of life and mobility at a cancer patient's end of life. Aside from that, it also helps to ease the burden of caregivers.
An Oncology rehabilitation journey begins at diagnosis. It is paramount that patients or survivors receive any rehabilitation as early as possible, as the benefits of improved quality of life can assist a cancer patient mentally and physically.
References:
Hellbom, M., Bergelt, C., Bergenmar, M., Gijsen, B., Loge, J.H., Rautalathi, M., Smaradottir A., & Johansen., C. (2011). Cancer rehabilitation: A Nordic and European perspective,Acta Oncologica,50:2,179-186,DOI: 10.3109/0284186X.2010.533194
Chowdhury, R. A., Brennan, F. P., & Gardiner, M. D. (2020). Cancer Rehabilitation and Palliative Care-Exploring the Synergies. Journal of pain and symptom management, 60(6), 1239–1252. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2020.07.030